生境破碎化对安徽山区钉螺生存和繁殖的影响 |
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周艺彪1*， 陈更新2， 韩世民2， 何宗贵2， 李源培1， 张志杰1， 韦建国1， 赵根明1， 姜庆五1
（
1、复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室； 2、安徽省贵池区血防站； ）
摘要：钉螺是日本血吸虫的唯一中间宿主，在血吸虫病的流行中起着极其重要的作用。在中国由于环境的改造，钉螺的孳生地日益破碎化。在安徽省山区选择2个行政村去评价生境破碎化对钉螺生存和繁殖的影响。2002年曹村由于退耕还林，钉螺的孳生环境被破碎化，然后这个村的钉螺孳生环境破碎化程度高于棠溪村的。曹村的活螺框出现率从2001年的87.7%降到2010年24.7%，降幅为71.8%，而棠溪村的从2002年的16.8％升高到2010年的31.7%，增幅达88.7%。曹村活螺平均平均密度从2001年的5.60(只/框)降到2010年的0.95，降幅为83.0%，而棠溪村从0.63(只/框)升到2.85。在2009和2010年，曹村钉螺死亡率都高于棠溪村的，而螺卵平均密度低于棠溪村的。研究现场的钉螺孳生地已显示明显的破碎化，生境破碎化能减少钉螺种群的大小并提高钉螺的死亡率。
关键词：血吸虫病；日本血吸虫；湖北钉螺；生境破碎化；种群；死亡率；繁殖
zhou yibiao1*， chen gengxin2， han shimin 2， he zonggui2， li yuanpei1， zhang zhijie1， wei jianguo3， zhao genming 1， jiang qingwu1
（
1、department of epidemiology, school of public health, fudan university； 2、guichi anti-schistosomiasis station； 3、 department of epidemiology, school of public health, fudan university； ）
abstract: oncomelania hupensis is of great medical importance as the sole intermediate host of human blood fluke schistosoma japonicum. snail habitats in china are becoming increasingly fragmentation as a result of intensive environmental management. two administrative villages, anhui province, china were selected to assess the effects of habitat fragmentation on snail survival and reproducibility of snails. the snail habitats of cao village were fragmented in 2002, and then the fragmentation degree of this village is higher that of tangxi village. the proportion of qudrats with live snails in cao village decreased from 87.7% in 2001 to 24.7% in 2010, and reducing by 71.8%, while the proportion of qudrats with live snails in tangxi village increased from 16.8% in 2002 to 31.7% in 2010, and increased by 88.7%. the mean snail density of cao village decreased from 5.60 snails / 0.11m2 in 2001 to 0.95 snails / 0.11 m2 in 2010, and reduced by 83.0%, while the mean snail densities of tangxi village increased from 0.63 snails / 0.11m2 in 2001 to 2.85 snails / 0.11m2 in 2010. the mortality of snails in cao village was always higher than that in tangxi village, and the mean live egg density of snails in cao village was always less than that in tangxi village in 2009 and 2010. the snail habitats in the study area have exhibited visible fragmentation. habitat fragmentation could reduce the snail population size and increase the mortality of snails.
keywords：schistosomiasis;schistosoma japonicum;oncomelania hupensis;habitat fragmentation;population;mortality;reproducibilty
作者简介：yi-biao zhou, (1970-),male, lecturer, infectious epidemiology
通信联系人：周艺彪
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